2026 Season Active • Next Competition: Tri-County High-Speed Sprint • Team Status: Preparing
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MOGUL TEAM#30524
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Competitive Engineering Corpus

Learn. Build. Improve.

Guides, tutorials, technical references, and verified schematics for MOGUL TEAM members, rookie cadets, and competitive autonomous robotics builders. Tested on live arena asphalt.

REPOSITORY TELEMETRYSTATUS: VERIFIED ONLINE
INDEXED ASSETS22DOCS
SILICON TARGETSS3Xtensa
verifiedZero Experience to Podium Standards
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22 Resources Loaded
BEGINNERPDF

Competition Pit Emergency Toolkit & Spares Manifest

Recommended road-case packing list for regionals, nationals and international opens

.PDF
Maya & Leo
INTERMEDIATEPDF

Turnigy LiPo 2S 45C Discharge Voltage Telemetry Log

Bench dynamometer voltage sag vs throttle dataset for battery cutoff calibration

.CSV
Lab Bench Rig 2
INTERMEDIATECode

QTR-HD 15-Channel Normalization & Centroid Routine

C++ sensor calibration firmware ready for Arduino IDE or PlatformIO

.CPP.INO
Elena Rostova
ADVANCEDCAD

Line Follower V3 Technical Dossier & CAD Package

Full 3D assemblies, motor brackets & carbon fiber DXF cutouts

.STEP.DXF
Leo Zhang (CNC)
INTERMEDIATEDatasheet

Faulhaber 1717T

DC-Micromotors Series 1717T...SR Specification Sheet

Motors
Faulhaber Group
BEGINNERDatasheet

Pololu QTRX-HD Series

Reflectance Sensor Array Electrical Characteristics

Sensors
Pololu Robotics & Electronics
INTERMEDIATEDatasheet

ST VNH2SP30

Automotive Fully Integrated H-Bridge Datasheet

Power Drivers
STMicroelectronics
INTERMEDIATEDatasheet

Espressif ESP32-S3

Official Hardware Design Guidelines Rev 1.4

Microcontrollers
Espressif Systems
INTERMEDIATECAD

Arena Lighting & Glare Optical Shielding

High-intensity metal-halide arena floodlights cause high ADC sensor saturation. Our 3D printable black PLA sensor shroud prevents false line triggers.

Advisory #09
Leo Zhang
BEGINNERPDF

LiPo Fireproof Bag Pit Containment

All lithium chemistry packs must be charged, balanced, and stored inside certified fiberglass LiPo-safe envelopes. Unattended charging is instant pit suspension.

Rule 5.8
Lab 204 Scrutineering Committee
BEGINNERPDF

Dimensional Weight & Size Box Gate

Line follower and Sumo robots must slide smoothly into the aluminum sizing jig without manual deflection. Wire overhangs or zip ties protruding result in failure.

Rule 2.1Rule 2.4
Lab 204 Scrutineering Committee
BEGINNERGuide

SMD 0603 Reflow & Hot Air Soldering

Using the lab's programmable reflow plate and hot air wands for surface-mount resistors, decoupling capacitors, and QFN chips.

#SMD#Soldering#BenchSkills
Maya Patel
INTERMEDIATEGuide

MOSFET Thermal & Flyback Diodes

Preventing inductive motor kickback spikes from frying the microcontroller via Schottky clamping and copper heatsink thermal vias.

#MOSFET#Flyback#Thermal
Maya Patel
ADVANCEDCAD

4-Layer KiCad Ground Plane Partitioning

Separating motor high-current switching return paths from sensitive analog ADC ground planes to stop sensor jitter.

#KiCad#PCB#GroundPlane
Maya Patel
BEGINNERPDF

Turnigy LiPo Safety & Storage Protocol

Safe storage voltages (3.82V/cell), balanced charging rates (1C max in lab), and puncture containment protocols.

#LiPo#Safety
Maya Patel
ADVANCEDCode

20kHz MCPWM Motor Duty Cycle Inversion Drivers

Ultrasonic PWM frequency configuration using ESP32 MCPWM peripheral to eliminate motor hum while maintaining clean complementary half-bridge switching.

#MCPWM#H-Bridge#Interrupts
Elena Rostova
INTERMEDIATECode

Weighted Centroid & Optical Non-Linear Normalization

Mathematical derivation of line position estimation using calibrated 12-bit ADC inputs, dynamic floor thresholding, and lost-line state machines.

#Algorithms#ADC#StateMachine
Elena Rostova
INTERMEDIATECode

Dual-Core FreeRTOS Task Pinning on ESP32-S3

Isolating high-frequency 1000Hz motor control loop on Core 1 while handling Wi-Fi UDP telemetry and status LEDs on Core 0 without priority inversion.

#FreeRTOS#ESP32-S3#RTOS
Elena Rostova
BEGINNERPDF

Mongol Aspiration International School Lab 204 Pre-Competition Pit & Inspection Checklist

Official 24-point scrutineering protocol used by team captains prior to match queueing. Covers wire gauge compliance, optical sensor shielding, emergency kill switches, and battery limits.

#Scrutineering#PitSafety#MatchPrep#PDF
Leo Zhang (Pit Lead)
ADVANCEDGuide

High-Current Dual H-Bridge & LiPo Power Bus Architecture

Design schematics for dual VNH2SP30 drivers delivering 30A transient peaks. Includes copper pour thermal heat sinking, TVS diode flyback protection, and low-ESR filtering.

#MOSFET#PowerBus#LiPo-45C#KiCad
Maya Patel (Hardware)
INTERMEDIATEGuide

Pololu QTRX-HD Optical Calibration & Dynamic Centroid Manual

Step-by-step procedure for 15-channel reflectance sensor normalization against variable surface sheen, ambient 60Hz flicker, and acute line transitions.

#Sensors#ADC#Normalization#Pololu
Elena Rostova (Lead Dev)
INTERMEDIATEGuide

Cascaded PID Control for Autonomous Line Tracers

Complete mathematical breakdown of cascaded position and angular velocity loops running at 1000Hz on ESP32-S3 FreeRTOS core 1, featuring integral anti-windup clamping.

#PID#ESP32-S3#QTRX#FreeRTOS
Bat-Erdene Batbold (Capt.)
conversion_pathCadet Onboarding Pathway

Start Here: Zero to Arena Ready

Never touched a soldering iron or written a line of embedded C? Follow this sequential 7-step mastery path validated across 4 competition seasons.

AVERAGE RUNTIME:6 WEEKS TO BENCH QUALIFIED
CURRENT SELECTION: STEP 1WEEK 1

Robotics Basics

Before touching an active 45C LiPo pack or high-speed Dremel, every MOGUL TEAM cadet must clear the 12-point shop safety walk-through. Includes soldering bench air ventilation protocols, correct fire retardant bag deployment, and precision wire stripping.

Lab Safety Checklist.pdfSoldering Station SetupLiPo Hazard Protocol
Quiz passing score: 100% required
Engineering Dossiers

Featured Technical Resources

View All Documentsarrow_outward
COMPETITION MANDATEschedule 5 min read

Mongol Aspiration International School Lab 204 Pre-Competition Pit & Inspection Checklist

Official 24-point scrutineering protocol used by team captains prior to match queueing. Covers wire gauge compliance, optical sensor shielding, emergency kill switches, and battery limits.

#Scrutineering#PitSafety#MatchPrep#PDF
LZ
Leo Zhang (Pit Lead)
ADVANCED HARDWAREschedule 24 min read

High-Current Dual H-Bridge & LiPo Power Bus Architecture

Design schematics for dual VNH2SP30 drivers delivering 30A transient peaks. Includes copper pour thermal heat sinking, TVS diode flyback protection, and low-ESR filtering.

#MOSFET#PowerBus#LiPo-45C#KiCad
MP
Maya Patel (Hardware)
BENCH CALIBRATIONschedule 12 min read

Pololu QTRX-HD Optical Calibration & Dynamic Centroid Manual

Step-by-step procedure for 15-channel reflectance sensor normalization against variable surface sheen, ambient 60Hz flicker, and acute line transitions.

#Sensors#ADC#Normalization#Pololu
ER
Elena Rostova (Lead Dev)
INTERMEDIATEschedule 18 min read

Cascaded PID Control for Autonomous Line Tracers

Complete mathematical breakdown of cascaded position and angular velocity loops running at 1000Hz on ESP32-S3 FreeRTOS core 1, featuring integral anti-windup clamping.

#PID#ESP32-S3#QTRX#FreeRTOS
BB
Bat-Erdene Batbold (Capt.)
terminalCore Discipline 01

Programming & Embedded Firmware

Hard real-time deterministic loops, FreeRTOS tasks, and telemetry pipelines.

TARGET: ESP32-S3 / C++17 / ESP-IDF
Programmingv2.4

Dual-Core FreeRTOS Task Pinning on ESP32-S3

Isolating high-frequency 1000Hz motor control loop on Core 1 while handling Wi-Fi UDP telemetry and status LEDs on Core 0 without priority inversion.

14 Min Guide
ProgrammingACTIVE

Weighted Centroid & Optical Non-Linear Normalization

Mathematical derivation of line position estimation using calibrated 12-bit ADC inputs, dynamic floor thresholding, and lost-line state machines.

11 Min Guide
ProgrammingLOW-LEVEL

20kHz MCPWM Motor Duty Cycle Inversion Drivers

Ultrasonic PWM frequency configuration using ESP32 MCPWM peripheral to eliminate motor hum while maintaining clean complementary half-bridge switching.

9 Min Guide
electric_boltCore Discipline 02

Electronics, PCB Design & Power Systems

Handling high-discharge LiPo batteries, thermal dissipation, and noise mitigation.

MOGUL TEAM HARDWARE STANDARDS
battery_alert

Turnigy LiPo Safety & Storage Protocol

Safe storage voltages (3.82V/cell), balanced charging rates (1C max in lab), and puncture containment protocols.

SAFETY 101
layers

4-Layer KiCad Ground Plane Partitioning

Separating motor high-current switching return paths from sensitive analog ADC ground planes to stop sensor jitter.

CAD / GERBER
mode_heat

MOSFET Thermal & Flyback Diodes

Preventing inductive motor kickback spikes from frying the microcontroller via Schottky clamping and copper heatsink thermal vias.

CIRCUITRY
precision_manufacturing

SMD 0603 Reflow & Hot Air Soldering

Using the lab's programmable reflow plate and hot air wands for surface-mount resistors, decoupling capacitors, and QFN chips.

BENCH SKILLS
account_treeCore Discipline 03

Robot Control & Dynamics Flow

Click through each block in our high-speed feedback loop to explore telemetry whitepapers and mathematical models used in our championship line followers.

SELECTED NODE 03: CASCADED PID LOOP

1000Hz Cascaded Velocity & Steering Loop

The outer loop calculates desired angular rate from sensor offset, while the inner loop governs Faulhaber coreless motor EMF speeds with anti-windup clamping.

Platform Blueprints

Build by Robot Type

Select your competition class for targeted bill-of-materials, CAD frames, and sample firmware.

FLAGSHIP CLASS3.8 m/s RECORD

Line Follower V3 (Photon)

Ultra-light carbon fiber chassis, twin Faulhaber 1717T coreless motors, 15-channel reflectance sensor array, and magnetic downforce tunnel.

check_circle ESP32-S3 Dual-Core Xtensa
check_circle 2S Turnigy 45C LiPo
check_circle Total Weight: 168g
COMBAT CLASS10x10 CM LIMIT

Mini Sumo 500g (Razorback)

Hardened steel scoop wedge, high-torque micro metal gearmotors, front opponent distance sensors, and edge-detection IR phototransistors.

check_circle Custom ATmega328P Board
check_circle Custom Silicone Molded Tires
check_circle Tactical Start Sequence DIPs
HEAVY COMBAT3000G LIMIT

Mega Sumo 3kg (Vortec)

Neodymium magnetic array for high-force downforce on steel dohyo arenas, brushless outrunners with planetary reductions.

check_circle 6S LiPo Battery High Current
check_circle Hardened Tool-Steel Blade
check_circle Dual-Channel Custom ESC
AUTONOMOUSROS2 / LIDAR

Apex MK-IV (SLAM Navigator)

RPLiDAR 360-degree laser mapping platform with wheel encoders and IMU extended Kalman filter fusion for indoor pathfinding.

check_circle Raspberry Pi 5 + ESP32 Bridge
check_circle RPLiDAR A2M8 Range Scanner
check_circle Nav2 ROS2 Stack
TELE-OP2.4GHZ RF

RC Arena Platform (Telemetry Scout)

Low-latency RF controlled drive base with FPV video feed and telemetry overlay for pilot station HUD.

check_circle ESP32-S3 Dual-Core RF Bridge
check_circle 1080p FPV Camera + Gimbal
check_circle 6WD Mecanum-Assist Chassis
NOVICEENTRY LEVEL

Arduino Rookie Rover (Testbed)

Breadboard-friendly chassis utilizing standard gearmotors, an OLED status display, and a rotary encoder for beginner exercises.

check_circle Arduino Uno R4 WiFi
check_circle 0.96in SSD1306 OLED
check_circle 830-Point Breadboard Bays
Silicon & Hardware Registry

MOGUL TEAM Component Library

Standardized inventory maintained in our parts drawers with tested pinout tables and verified driver libraries.

MicrocontrollerDRAWER B-01

ESP32-S3-WROOM-1

Dual-core Xtensa 32-bit LX7 up to 240MHz, 8MB Flash, 512KB SRAM, 2.4GHz Wi-Fi + BLE 5. Primary computation brain.

UART TX/RX:GPIO 43 / 44
I2C SDA/SCL:GPIO 08 / 09
MCPWM Left/Right:GPIO 17 / 18
Optical SensorDRAWER S-04

Pololu QTRX-HD-15RC

High-density reflectance sensor array with 4mm pitch IR emitter/phototransistor pairs. Fast RC discharge read.

Emitter Control:GPIO 04 (Active HIGH)
Sensor Pitch:4.0 mm
Ideal Ground Height:2.5 mm – 3.5 mm
Motor DriverDRAWER D-02

VNH2SP30 Monster Moto

Full H-bridge high current MOSFET driver capable of 14A continuous and 30A peak at 5.5V to 16V operating supply.

Current Sense (CS):0.13V per Amp
Max PWM Frequency:20 kHz
Protection:Thermal & Over-V
ActuatorDRAWER M-07

Faulhaber 1717T006SR

High precision Swiss coreless DC motor. Extremely fast mechanical time constant of 5.3ms, zero cogging, 18,000 max RPM.

Nominal Voltage:6.0 V DC
Stall Torque:11.4 mNm
Rotor Inertia:0.51 g·cm²
Power CellLIPO LOCKER #1

Turnigy Nano-Tech 2S 850mAh

7.4V 45C continuous discharge, 90C burst lithium-polymer pack. Equipped with XT30 connector and JST-XH balance lead.

Continuous Burst:38.25A / 76.5A
Weight:48 grams
Internal Resistance:< 12 mΩ / cell
LIDAR ScannerDRAWER L-01

RPLiDAR A1M8 360°

Laser triangulation sensor performing 8,000 samples per second up to 12 meters distance at 5.5Hz rotational scan rate.

Interface:3.3V TTL UART
Baud Rate:115200 bps
Angular Res:≤ 1° Degree
Public Release Archive

Downloadable Repository & CAD Assets

Direct downloads for CAD packages, schematics, and official match sheets.

FORMATS:.STEP.PDF.ZIP.CSV
Resource / Document TitleFormatSizeRevision DateVerified ByDownload
STEP
Line Follower V3 Technical Dossier & CAD Package
Full 3D assemblies, motor brackets & carbon fiber DXF cutouts
.STEP / .DXF18.4 MBJan 2026Leo Zhang (CNC)
PDF
Mongol Aspiration International School Lab 204 Pre-Competition Pit & Inspection Checklist
Official 24-point scrutineering protocol used by team captains prior to match queueing. Covers wire gauge compliance, optical sensor shielding, emergency kill switches, and battery limits.
.PDF1.2 MBFeb 2026Bat-Erdene Batbold
CPP
QTR-HD 15-Channel Normalization & Centroid Routine
C++ sensor calibration firmware ready for Arduino IDE or PlatformIO
.CPP / .INO45 KBDec 2025Elena Rostova
ZIP
4-Layer KiCad Ground Plane Partitioning
Separating motor high-current switching return paths from sensitive analog ADC ground planes to stop sensor jitter.
.ZIP4.8 MBJan 2026Maya Patel
CSV
Turnigy LiPo 2S 45C Discharge Voltage Telemetry Log
Bench dynamometer voltage sag vs throttle dataset for battery cutoff calibration
.CSV320 KBNov 2025Lab Bench Rig 2
PDF
Competition Pit Emergency Toolkit & Spares Manifest
Recommended road-case packing list for regionals, nationals and international opens
.PDF850 KBJan 2026Maya & Leo
Production Firmware Snippets

Embedded Code Repository

Plug-and-play C++ algorithms verified on ESP32-S3 FreeRTOS core environments.

src/control/CascadedPID_Task.cpp
C++17 • ESP-IDF
// MOGUL TEAM 30524 - Deterministic Cascaded PID Loop
// Target: ESP32-S3 Core 1 FreeRTOS Task (1000Hz / 1ms tick)
#include "esp_timer.h"
#include "driver/mcpwm.h"

void vPIDControlTask(void *pvParameters) {
    TickType_t xLastWakeTime = xTaskGetTickCount();
    const TickType_t xFrequency = pdMS_TO_TICKS(1); // Exact 1000Hz update

    float error = 0.0f, prevError = 0.0f, integral = 0.0f;
    const float Kp = 1.420f, Ki = 0.015f, Kd = 0.285f;
    const float MAX_INTEGRAL = 250.0f; // Anti-windup limit

    for (;;) {
        // Read 15-channel normalized line centroid (-7000 to +7000)
        float currentPosition = getCalibratedLinePosition();
        error = 0.0f - currentPosition; // Center target is 0

        // Anti-windup clamped integral accumulation
        integral += error;
        if (integral > MAX_INTEGRAL) integral = MAX_INTEGRAL;
        else if (integral < -MAX_INTEGRAL) integral = -MAX_INTEGRAL;

        float derivative = (error - prevError);
        float steeringCorrection = (Kp * error) + (Ki * integral) + (Kd * derivative);
        prevError = error;

        // Apply differential PWM duty cycles to Faulhaber motors
        driveMotorsDifferential(BASE_SPEED, steeringCorrection);

        // Deterministic delay: wait until exactly 1ms has elapsed
        vTaskDelayUntil(&xLastWakeTime, xFrequency);
    }
}
Rulebooks & Scrutineering

Competition Prep & Regulations

Avoid disqualification. Verified guidelines for technical inspections at regional and national robotics tournaments.

[REQUIRED]Competition

Dimensional Weight & Size Box Gate

Line follower and Sumo robots must slide smoothly into the aluminum sizing jig without manual deflection. Wire overhangs or zip ties protruding result in failure.

Rule 2.1, Rule 2.4
[REQUIRED]Competition

LiPo Fireproof Bag Pit Containment

All lithium chemistry packs must be charged, balanced, and stored inside certified fiberglass LiPo-safe envelopes. Unattended charging is instant pit suspension.

Rule 5.8
[RECOMMENDED]Sensors

Arena Lighting & Glare Optical Shielding

High-intensity metal-halide arena floodlights cause high ADC sensor saturation. Our 3D printable black PLA sensor shroud prevents false line triggers.

Advisory #09
Manufacturer Archive

Datasheet Directory

Verified vendor datasheets cached locally in MOGUL TEAM to ensure offline tournament access.

ALL VENDOR SPECS CACHED
Microcontrollers

Espressif ESP32-S3

Official Hardware Design Guidelines Rev 1.4

Power Drivers

ST VNH2SP30

Automotive Fully Integrated H-Bridge Datasheet

Sensors

Pololu QTRX-HD Series

Reflectance Sensor Array Electrical Characteristics

Motors

Faulhaber 1717T

DC-Micromotors Series 1717T...SR Specification Sheet

Peer-Reviewed Architecture

Built by MOGUL TEAM Cadets

Every schematic, tutorial, and code module in this repository is authored, bench-tested, and maintained by student engineers in MOGUL TEAM.

Community Dispatch

Can't Find What You Need?

Submit a topic or missing datasheet request directly to our MOGUL TEAM senior mentors.

MOGUL TEAM Engineering Bench

Learn Something. Build Something.

Apply these blueprints inside our competition engineering room. Meet the team, get access to the 3D printers, and test your code on the arena track.